More force is required in cases of moderate osteoporosis (e.g., attempting to lift a heavy object or falling out of a chair). 3,7–9 Acute fractures occur when the vertebral body cannot support the load of the upper body with severe cases of osteoporosis, inciting incidents can be minor (e.g., vigorous sneezing or stepping out of a bathtub). 3–6 They affect about 25% of postmenopausal women overall, and the prevalence increases with age, reaching 40% in women 80 years old. 2 Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a hallmark and common sequela of osteoporosis, representing one the most common types of fragility fractures with an annual incidence of up to 1.4 million. 1 There are many risk factors associated with osteoporotic fractures, including older age, cigarette smoking, use of certain drugs (e.g., corticosteroids), low peak bone mass, low physical activity, and low vitamin D and calcium intake hormonal factors, and personal or family history. The condition had a prevalence of more than 10% in the United States in 2010, and the CDC estimates that nearly 25% of women over age 65 have findings of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disorder characterized by decreased bone strength that predisposes individuals to fractures of the spine, hip, and other sites. Further studies are needed to understand its preventative benefits fully. There is currently no singular treatment, but calcitonin has recently been explored as a possible option for minimizing pain and reducing disease progression. It can significantly impact the quality of life in many elderly Americans. Osteoporosis is a common condition that can lead to complications such as vertebral compression fractures. Clinical data has shown safety and efficacy for exogenous calcitonin in reducing bone turnover and reducing VCF-induced pain. By relatively unknown mechanisms, it also appears to cause endorphin release and mitigate pain. It binds to osteoclasts, inhibiting them from inducing bone resorption. Surgical interventions such as balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are typically reserved for patients who have failed other methods.Ĭalcitonin is a peptide naturally produced by the human body, released from the parathyroid gland. Biphosphonates have recently been used to attempt to halt the progression and provide prevention. NSAIDs address the chronic pain that is a common long-term effect of VCFs. Standard therapy for VCFs in osteoporosis includes analgesic medications, such as NSAIDs and biphosphonates, and surgical intervention. Diagnosis is made based on bone mineral density. Risk factors for development include advanced age, cigarette smoking, medications, reduced physical activity, and low calcium and vitamin D intake. The condition is highly prevalent and, in an aging U.S. The CDC estimates that nearly 25% of women over age 65 have findings of osteoporosis, which include low spinal bone mass. Osteoporosis had a prevalence of more than 10% in the United States in 2010. In this review, we explore the use of calcitonin (FORTICAL, MIACALCIN) to treat vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Current treatment options focus on reducing pain preventative methods are somewhat limited and focus on minimizing risk factors for the development of osteoporosis. Vertebral compression fractures are a common development in patients with osteoporosis. It carries with it increased risks of fracture in many areas of the body, leading to reduced quality of life, limited mobility, and other long-term implications such as chronic pain. Osteoporosis is a common condition affecting the musculoskeletal system.
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